Monthly Archives: May 2012

How To Make A Scientific Journal

Posted on by

Scientific Journal

There are many guides that can help you in writing a scientific journal. Guidance on this one, may be used as a reference.

The general format for a scientific journal usually consists of:
1. Title;
2. Abstract;
3. Introduction;
4. Materials and methods;
5. Results;
6. Discussion;
7. Conclusions;
8. Bibliography.

1. Title
Every scientific journal should have a clear title. By reading the title, will allow readers to know the core journals without having to read the entirety of the journal. For example, the title “Biology Lab Report”. With a title like this, then there is no reader who wants to read it because it does not describe the contents of the journal. Examples of clear title, for example, “The Effect of Light and Temperature on Population Growth of Bacteria Escherichia Coli”. This title is a bit much to report the contents of the journal.

2. Abstract
Different abstract with a summary. Abstract in scientific journal section serves to briefly digesting the contents of the journal. Abstracts here are intended to be explanatory without reference to the journal.
Section presents the abstract should be approximately 250 words that summarizes the objectives, methods, results, and conclusions. Do not use abbreviations or citations in the abstract. In the abstract should be able to stand alone without footnotes. This abstract is usually written last. An easy way to write the abstract is to quote the most important points in each section of the journal. Then use the points to draw up a brief description of your studies.

3. Introduction
Introduction is a statement of the case you are investigated, which provide information to the reader to understand your specific goals within a larger theoretical framework. This section also includes information on background issues, such as a summary of any research has been conducted and how the experiment will help to clarify or expand the general knowledge in the field. All the background information collected from other sources must be quoted.

Note: Do not make too broad introduction. Just remember that you are writing a journal to colleagues who also have the same knowledge with you.

4. Materials and Methods
This section explains when the experiments have been performed. Researchers explain the experimental design, equipment, methods of data collection, and type of control. If the experiments were carried out in nature, the authors describe the study area, location, and also explains the occupation is conducted. The general rule to remember is that this section should describe in detail and clearly so that the reader has basic knowledge and techniques that can be duplicated.

5. Result
Here, researchers present data in a concise narrative review using the text, tables, or images. Remember only the results presented, there is no interpretation of the data or conclusions from the data in this section. Data collected in the table / narrative text image should be completed and presented in a form that is easily understood. Do not repeat at length data have been presented in tables and figures.

6. Discussion
In this section, the researcher interprets the data with the observed pattern. Any relationship between variables is an important experiment, and each correlation between variables can be seen clearly. Researchers must include a description of the different hypotheses or different or similar results with any related experiments performed by other researchers. Remember that each trial does not necessarily have to show a big difference or a tendency to be critical. Negative results also need to be explained and may be an important thing to be changed in your research.

7. Conclusion
This section simply states that researchers think about each of the data presented relate back to the question stated in the introduction. With reference to the introduction and conclusion, a reader should have a good idea of ??the study, although the only specific details.

8. Bibliography
All information (quote) is obtained researchers have written alphabetically in this section. This is useful for readers who want to refer to the original literature. Note that the cited references actually mentioned in your journal.

Free Online College Program From Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Posted on by

Harvard University

MIT

Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) offers a free online college program in a project called ”edx”. The second partnership involves financialinstitutions approximately $ 60 million and attract millions of targeted students from around the world.

“Anyone who has interet connection anywhere in the world have access to this program,” said Drew Faust President of Harvard.

Harvard has long offered various kinds of lectures to the public through the extensionprogram.

Meanwhile, MIT itself has a similar program since at least a decade ago. The programtitled OpenCourceWare it provides millions of 2000 lecture material online and free.Such materials has also been used by more than 100 million people around the world.

In December last year, MIT also announced a special program, MITx, which gives them acertificate for completing a particular online course. MITx program is what will be thefoundation for new learning system made ??by Harvard and MIT.

Rector Susan Hockfield MIT states, more than 120 thousand people registered for thefirst batch MITx. ”You hope that other campuses will also join the program this edx,” saidHockfield.

Other universities, including Stanford, Yale, and Carnegie-Mellon, has been tested in the field of global online teaching.

Harvard-MIT initiative will be overseen by a nonprofit organization based in Cambridge,Massachusetts, United States (U.S.). This program will be jointly owned by both campuses who bear each 50 percent of the funds needed to launch the program.

Both campuses will provide certificates to students who have completed the course. Notonly that, edx platform will also be used as a research tool to follow the methods and tools which are successfully implemented.

Public Speaking–Why This Skill Is Important For Students Leadership Skill

Posted on by

Public Speaking

Public speaking is one of the skills that is important to be included in any student leadership class. However, teenagers may find it difficult  because they have little experience in speaking in public.

Without preparation, going up for a speech can be frustrating. Despite the intimidation, it is actually quite easy to simplify speech writing by organizing it into several main areas.

By breaking down into six key steps, speech writing may result in an interesting and effective speech:

Start with Getting Attention

An introduction is just as important as the speech content itself. It should set the tone for the speech, as well as addressing the topic. Getting attention of the audience will keep the audience alive. Attention-getters can be questions, quotes, and powerful facts or statistics.

The Body of Three

The body of the speech should comprise of three main points that need to be delivered to the audience. They should be related to each other, and the speaker needs to find out how to make them memorable to the audience. Here’s how…

Telling a Story

People love to hear a good story. Storytelling will make the speech more compelling. Most good speakers would include an interesting story that relates to the topic or one of the main points of the speech. The story may be the speaker’s own or it can be about a famous person and his or her triumphs or tribulations.

Quotes, Examples, and Powerful Statements

Quotes, examples, and powerful statements are required to make an effective speech. They will emphasize the importance of the speaker’s points. Famous quotes and examples are familiar so people can easily relate to them and ultimately understand what the speech is all about. Powerful statements get the audience’s attention and will drive them to learn more.

Conclusion with a Request

A good conclusion should sum up everything that has been delivered. It should review the main topics, compile them and re-emphasize why they are important. Closing with a request is an effective final touch of the speech. Some common types of requests:

  • Emotional request - e.g. asking for more understanding about a subject
  • Persuasive request - e.g. asking for student members’ votes or donations
  • Call for action - e.g. asking youth members to go out and win a sports game.

Speaking Circles

Speaking Circles are small groups of 8-10 people who gather to feel more comfortable in public speaking. It was originally developed as a way to handle stage fright. Speaking Circle Public Speaking Technique lets participants freely practice public speaking with power and presence without being afraid.

These technique shall make public speaking much easier and more effective for teens involved in student leadership. These speech writing steps will help students reach their dreams to becoming successful leaders in their schools and communities. Going to public speaking course will expand the knowledge of students of public speaking.  To date, there are a lot of public speaking courses in London.

Radiology – Continuing Education State Requirements

Posted on by

Radiology

The ARRT demands that technologists earn 24 Category A or A+ credits of continuing education throughout their biennium. A maximum of 12 CE credits per biennium may be claimed for tumor boards. Efficient January 1, 2011, the maximum quantity of CE credit for applications facility coaching will be capped at 8.0 Category A credits. Directed readings, house study courses, or Internet activities reported inside a biennium may not be repeated for credit in the exact same or any subsequent biennium. Lecture presentations may not be repeated for credit within the exact same biennium. The 24 CE credits might also be earned by passing a primary or a post-primary examination in a discipline not previously passed and for which the person is eligible and which the ARRT recognizes for this purpose. Most states follow the ARRT’s recommendations for CE specifications. The following states have specific guidelines which differ from, or are along with, the ARRT requirements:

TEXAS

A minimum of three hours of the required quantity of hours shall be happy by attendance and participation in instructor-directed activities.

No more than 21 hours for MRTs or 9 hours for LMRTs from the needed quantity of hours might be happy via verifiable independent self-study. These activities consist of reading supplies, audio materials, audiovisual materials, or perhaps a mixture thereof.

At least 50% of the needed quantity of hours should be activities which are straight associated with the use and application of ionizing types of radiation to create diagnostic pictures and/or administer treatment to human beings for medical purposes.

CALIFORNIA

Certified Radiologic Technologists possessing a current Mammographic Radiologic Technology Certificate are required to earn a minimum of 10 of these 24 authorized CECs in mammography and to perform a minimum of 200 mammographic examinations.

An authorized continuing education credit indicates 1 hour of instruction received in subjects related to the application of X-ray to the human body.

Please note that “subjects related to the application of X-ray to the human body” might consist of X-ray administration, X-ray management, X-ray pathology, X-ray diagnosis and X-ray high quality control. Nevertheless, subjects in MRI, Ultrasound, CPR, or other topics not related to the application of X-rays to the human physique cannot be accepted. It’s the responsibility from the certificate or permit holder to ascertain the acceptability of courses.

FLORIDA

All CE taken in Florida should have an authorized provider number and course number on the certificate. This includes home study courses, Internet courses and self-learning activities.

No more than three of the 12 hours required by Florida each biennium can be within the personal improvement category (CPR, etc.) – the rest must be technical (radiation protection, equipment operation, etc.).

IOWA

CT Technologists- Total 6.0 hours of continuing education in CT-related subjects every two-year reporting period. These hours might be a a part of the 24.0 hours of continuing education required.

General diagnostic radiographer: Complete 1.0 hour of continuing education in radiation protection.People not holding the additional category in CT might not submit continuing education hours in CT.

Nuclear Medicine technologist- 1 clock hour in principles of radiation protection and exposure every year, a total of two hours each two-year period. 1 clock hour in quality assurance every year, a total of two hours each two-year period. The remaining 20 clock hours of continuing education in every two-year period should be in subjects straight related to nuclear medicine procedures.

All other states adhere towards the CE requirements set forth by the ARRT.

It’s your responsibility to keep up in your CE credits. Make sure you know your state’s rules before it’s as well late.

Continue reading →

You Need To Involve Your Child In The Search For A Lake Ridge Virginia School!

Posted on by

Whenever parents are looking for a Lake Ridge Virginia School for their children to join, they usually do not go about it in the correct manner. For instance, when you are looking for the ideal Lake Ridge Virginia School, you may have in mind a few characteristics such as the location of the school, its past academic history and whether or not it has enough facilities for your child to have a good learning environment. All these things are very important, and all responsible parents should look out for them when trying to find the ideal Lake Ridge Virginia School. However, one other issue that you may neglect but which is very important is how your child feels about the school.

There are many cases of children not liking a particular Lake Ridge Virginia School for one reason or another. This can have an adverse effect on their studies; they may get depressed which would compromise their studies. In addition to that, the chances of them developing negative personality traits are also increased when they do not like the school for any reason. This means that when you are in the process of choosing a Lake Ridge Virginia School, it is very important that you try to involve your child in the process.

Any Lake Ridge VA School would offer some kind of open day where they would allow parents to come and have a look at the school and then decide on whether they want to enroll their children in them. You can use this opportunity to assess the quality of the Lake Ridge VA School as well as find your child’s views about it. You can do this by simply going to the school on the appointed day with your child. If they find that the Lake Ridge VA School is good enough, you will have an easier time enrolling them in the school, since they will have developed a positive attitude towards it.

Of course, there will be cases where the child will have a negative opinion about the Lake Ridge VA School. In these cases, you should try to find out what the exact details of their problems are. In most cases, you will find that it is easy to dispel any such sentiments by talking to the child. This is the best way of making sure that you do not have much trouble with your child as far as school attendance and performance are concerned.

The other benefit of involving your child in the process of looking for a Lake Ridge VA School is the fact that it gives them a better sense of independence. As your child grows older, he or she becomes more confident in themselves and also more likely to make the right decisions when they are given a chance to do so from a tender age. The next time you are thinking of looking for a new Lake Ridge VA School for your child, it may be a good idea to involve him or her in the process.